These columns measure different things and are expected to differ. The compiled figure is pro-Israel money associated with this member, drawn from lobby-group disclosures, and includes bundled individual giving. The FEC column counts only direct committee-to-candidate contributions on file at the FEC — a narrower universe. Across all members the second is roughly 0.11x the first. This member is matched to an FEC candidate ID.
| Measure | Associated (compiled) | Direct to campaign (FEC) |
|---|---|---|
| Direct contributions | $63,958 | $21,760 |
| From AIPAC-linked committees | $43,008 | $21,754 |
7 recorded votes: 7 yea, 0 nay.
All 7 are marked substantive — standalone measures rather than provisions bundled inside a larger bill. A vote on an appropriations package that happens to contain Israel funding is weaker evidence of a position than a standalone resolution, so the two are distinguished.
| Vote | Date | Cast |
|---|---|---|
| HR 5179 - Anti-BDS Labeling Actsubstantive | 2024-09-18 | Yea |
| HRES 888 - Reaffirming the State of Israel's right to exist.substantive | 2023-11-28 | Yea |
| HR 6679 - No Immigration Benefits for Hamas Terrorists Actsubstantive | 2024-01-31 | Yea |
| HR 7217 - Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024substantive | 2024-02-06 | Yea |
| HR 8034 - Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024substantive | 2024-04-20 | Yea |
| HR 6090 - Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023substantive | 2024-05-01 | Yea |
| HR 23 - Illegitimate Court Counteraction Actsubstantive | 2025-01-09 | Yea |